A study has found that chronic endometritis (CE) is infectious in nature and thus benefits from antibiotics treatment.
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Research included 64 consecutive women with chronic
endometritis who received antibiotic treatment and another 64 CE patients who
refused antibiotics therapy (control group). CE was diagnosed using hysteroscopy,
histology, and immunohistochemistry for CD138.
What is chronic endometritis?
Chronic endometritis
(CE) is a medical condition involving the breakdown of the co-existence between
microorganisms and the host immune system in the endometrium. Majority of
chronic endometritis cases produce no visible signs or mild symptoms.
The patients were tested twice for chronic endometritis
to evaluate the cure rate in both cohorts. Antibiotics were selected based on
the endometrial culture with antibiogram, with treatment repeated up to 3 times
for patients with persistent illness.
For the antibiotic group, chronic endometritis (CE)
resolution occurred after a single treatment cycle in 20 patients, after two cycles
in 20 patients, and after three cycles in 12 patients. CE, however, persisted
in 12 patients.
Preliminary results of cumulative cure rate of CE were
much higher among patients who received antibiotics versus those who did not
receive antibiotics. The same was true when comparing a single antibiotic cycle
and no treatment.
Notably, the number of positive cases plummeted across
all testing modalities between the first and second assessment. During the
third assessment, however, a decrease was seen only with hysteroscopy and CD138+
cell count but not with histology. The cumulative number of cases of CE
diagnosed utilizing hysteroscopy was found to be significantly higher than with
histology and immunohistochemistry.
For complete details of the study, click here.
Source: Fertil Steril 2021;doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.01.018